What functions do distribution transformers play in power systems?

Distribution transformers play an important role in power systems, both industrial and in the public grid. Their main task is to regulate the voltage of electricity, allowing it to be transmitted safely and efficiently to end users. Thanks to them, it is possible to adjust the voltage to the needs of different consumers, ensure galvanic isolation and divide the network into smaller, independent circuits.

In particular, in the context of the growing popularity of renewable energy sources (RES), such as photovoltaic, wind and hydroelectric installations, distribution transformers are becoming an indispensable link in the integration of these technologies into power grids. The ability of distribution transformers to operate in a variety of environmental conditions and effectively manage loads is crucial to the stability and reliability of energy supply.

How to prevent failures in distribution transformers with temperature control?

Operatingtemperature control is one of the most important factors affecting the life and reliability of distribution transformers. Regular temperature monitoring allows early detection of abnormalities such as overloads, cooling problems or mechanical damage that can lead to serious failures. Detecting these problems at an early stage allows preventive measures to be taken, such as reducing the load or repairing damaged components, preventing further damage to the transformer. In addition, keeping oil and winding temperatures within the recommended temperature range allows the unit to operate optimally, minimizing energy losses and increasing efficiency.

In short, monitoring the operating temperature is not only a preventive measure, but also a way to extend the life of the transformer and increase the safety and reliability of the entire power distribution system.

What are the challenges of temperature monitoring in transformers? The customer's problem

The customer, a company specializing in the manufacture of transformers for renewable energy generation systems, faced the challenge of accurately monitoring temperature in oil distribution transformers. Its main goals were to protect its equipment from overheating, quickly identify potential problems that could lead to failures, and maximize transformer life and performance. To meet these objectives, the customer needed a system with high precision and reliability. In addition, the equipment had to withstand the harsh conditions in which oil transformers operate, such as extreme temperatures, high humidity, varying loads and potential vibration. He also wanted temperature readings to be easy and fast.

How to monitor temperature in oil distribution transformers? Our solution

We began our approach to developing a solution by talking with the customer. Together, we identified strategic points in transformers, such as the top of the housing, the area around the windings and the core, where temperature fluctuations can affect the stability of the system. Based on our experience and knowledge of transformers, we suggested placing the 608520 and 608523 dial thermometers in these locations. We chose them for their accuracy and reliability, as well as their adaptation to demanding industrial environments. In addition, the gauges are clearly visible and easy to read on these models, meeting another of the customer's needs.

We mounted thermowells with built-in JUMO dicoTEMP 100 temperature sensors in a location known as the “transformer pocket.” This strategic location allows us to directly measure the oil temperature inside the transformer without compromising the integrity of the entire system. We used dicoTEMP 100 temperature sensors because it works well with bimetallic thermometers. Equally important, these devices provide fast and accurate measurement of oil temperature, crucial for ongoing monitoring of transformer condition and early detection of any abnormalities.

To enable full integration with modern monitoring systems, we decided with the customer to use dTRANS T09 temperature transmitters, which can be easily mounted on Pt100 or Pt1000 sensors. With these transmitters, the resistance value measured by the sensors can be converted to a 4...20 mA analog signal or a digital IO-Link signal. This flexible solution allowed the customer to transmit data in the preferred format, which is extremely important in the context of integration with modern cloud systems. It gained full freedom in the choice of data management and analysis systems, without any technical restrictions.

How does precise temperature control improve transformer efficiency? Benefits for the customer

The solutions we have implemented have brought many benefits to the client, starting with precise temperature monitoring, which is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of transformers. The technology has made it possible to accurately track operating temperatures, allowing for ongoing assessment of transformer health and quick detection of problems. With precise measurements, the customer can respond immediately to any anomalies, preventing costly failures and minimizing the risk of downtime.

The technologies used have significantly increased transformer life and performance. Constant monitoring and rapid response to operational changes enable better load management and optimization of cooling, ensuring stable equipment operation. In addition, JUMO's products are cost-effective, reliable and resistant to harsh conditions, making them a worthwhile investment with long-term savings.

Ease of installation and maintenance is also an asset of our solution, making equipment operation intuitive and reducing operating costs.

About the author

My name is Ewelina Szmit and I have been working in content marketing for several years, combining my professional skills with my passion for writing. I am convinced that even the most technical topics can be presented in an interesting and accessible way for everyone. Outside of work, I unleash my creativity by creating newspaper collages. I like to spend my free time being active, walking my dog or running.

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