What is the significance of hydrogen electrolysis in the energy industry? Production of green hydrogen

During hydrogen electrolysis, an electric current flows through water, causing electrons to move from one electrode, called the anode, to another, the cathode. It is this flow of electrons that causes water molecules (H₂O) to break down into hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂). The reaction occurs in a device known as an electrolyzer, where electrical energy facilitates this decomposition.

If the electricity used for electrolysis comes from renewable energy sources such as wind or solar power, the resulting product is called "green hydrogen." This hydrogen is completely clean and can be used in various industrial processes, for example, in transportation or energy production, as a substitute for fossil fuels. Green hydrogen plays a crucial role in the energy transition and the pursuit of decarbonizing the economy.

Why is conductivity measurement crucial for the water electrolysis process?

In the context of electrolysis, the conductivity of water is highly significant. This process relies on the flow of electric current through water, and for it to occur, the water must contain an adequate amount of ions. These ions conduct electricity, enabling the chemical reactions to take place at the electrodes. These ions can come from dissolved salts, acids, bases, or other electrolytes added to the water. Pure water, such as distilled water, has very low conductivity because it contains very few ions. Therefore, in practice, ionic substances are often added to increase the ion concentration and improve conductivity.

If the water's conductivity is too low, it indicates that the number of present ions is insufficient to conduct electricity effectively, leading to higher electrical resistance. As a result, more energy is required to push the current through the water, which increases operational costs and may reduce the efficiency of the electrolysis process. On the other hand, excessively high conductivity, caused by an overabundance of ions, can lead to undesirable side reactions. For example, deposits may form on the electrodes, or corrosion may occur, shortening the lifespan of the equipment.

Therefore, optimal water conductivity is essential to ensure the efficiency and safety of hydrogen production. It allows for a balance between having enough ions to conduct electricity effectively and minimizing the risk of unwanted chemical reactions that could negatively impact the equipment and the quality of the produced hydrogen.

What are the challenges of generating hydrogen from rainwater? The customer's problem

Our business partner, a company specializing in hydrogen production by electrolysis, has encountered several significant challenges with monitoring the quality of the rainwater used in the process. A key problem is ensuring the proper conductivity of the water, which is, as we mentioned, essential for efficient electrolysis. Rainwater can have variable ionic content, which affects conductivity and, consequently, the efficiency and safety of hydrogen production. To meet these challenges, the company needed an advanced monitoring system, including conductivity transducers and a compatible analytical system that would operate in real time and integrate with the electrolysis infrastructure.

How to monitor conductivity in hydrogen production? Our solution

To ensure the purity of the water used in the electrolysis process and to protect the system from damage, we have implemented advanced conductivity monitoring technology. After treatment, the water is pumped into the electrolysis system, where its purity is monitored at the inlet. JUMO tecLine CR conductivity sensors are installed at key points, such as the end of the water supply pipe and the inlet to the electrolyser, to measure the electrolytic conductivity of the water. The data from these sensors is processed by the JUMO digiLine CR ST10 conductivity transmitter and then transferred to the monitoring system, enabling ongoing monitoring of water quality. Such a system enables the immediate detection of contaminants that may occur during the transport of water from the treatment system to the electrolysis unit, preventing premature wear and damage to the equipment. In this way, it is possible to maintain high water quality and optimum operating conditions for the electrolysis unit, so important for efficient hydrogen production.

How does the conductivity control system improve electrolysis efficiency? Benefits for the customer

For our customer, it is essential that the purity of the water does not deteriorate during transport from the treatment system to the electrolysis equipment. Maintaining unchanged water quality ensures that the electrolysis process runs smoothly, preventing premature equipment wear and potential damage. Monitoring water purity parameters, such as conductivity, before it enters the electrolyzer ensures that the water supplied meets the same quality standards as water coming directly from the treatment system. This ensures that the entire hydrogen production process runs efficiently and safely, resulting in long equipment life.

Advanced conductivity monitoring technologies for hydrogen production – summary

Hydrogen electrolysis, especially using renewable hydrogen, plays a key role in industrial decarbonization and energy transition. Optimization of this process, especially by maintaining adequate water conductivity, is essential to ensure high efficiency and equipment durability. The use of advanced conductivity monitoring technologies allows for ongoing control of water quality, preventing equipment damage and ensuring the stability of hydrogen production. These solutions not only increase process efficiency, but also reduce operating costs and minimize the risk of failure. As a result, companies can produce clean hydrogen safely and economically, contributing to a sustainable energy future.

About the author

My name is Ewelina Szmit and I have been working in content marketing for several years, combining my professional skills with my passion for writing. I am convinced that even the most technical topics can be presented in an interesting and accessible way for everyone. Outside of work, I unleash my creativity by creating newspaper collages. I like to spend my free time being active, walking my dog or running.

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